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Mindful breathing1/25/2024 ![]() Test anxiety has a negative impact on learning, is a major cause for underachievement, and prevents some students from reaching their academic potential. Even if a child develops significant anxiety surrounding tests, they are compulsory, and this can lead to a great deal of distress. Test taking begins in childhood and extends to late adulthood. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This study was supported by the Yeungnam University Research Grant ( ). ![]() Received: ApAccepted: OctoPublished: October 20, 2016Ĭopyright: © 2016 Cho et al. PLoS ONE 11(10):Įditor: Emmanuel Manalo, Kyoto University, JAPAN The findings of this study suggest that both daily mindful breathing and cognitive reappraisal practices were effective in reducing test anxiety however, mindful breathing increased positive automatic thoughts to a greater extent than cognitive reappraisal.Ĭitation: Cho H, Ryu S, Noh J, Lee J (2016) The Effectiveness of Daily Mindful Breathing Practices on Test Anxiety of Students. In addition, the mindful breathing condition scored significantly higher on positive thoughts than the cognitive reappraisal and control conditions. The results of the study showed that both mindful breathing practice and cognitive reappraisal practice yielded large effect sizes in reducing test anxiety. Before and after training, each of the participants completed a questionnaire to assess: test anxiety, positive thought, and positive affect. ![]() They wrote their experiences on daily worksheets and sent it by mobile with taking pictures that were confirmed by the researcher. Each of the participants trained by themselves for 6 days after they had taken one session of education for mindful or cognitive reappraisal practices. A total of 36 participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a training mindful breathing condition (n = 12), a training cognitive reappraisal condition (contrast group, n = 12), and a non-training condition (control group, n = 12). The present study examined the effectiveness of daily mindful breathing practices on test anxiety of university students.
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